In occasione della Festa di Liberazione del 25 aprile, riportiamo volentieri alcune riflessioni della storica Elena Aga Rossi sugli eventi del biennio 1943-45
«Le ricerche della storiografia “resistenziale” si sono sempre concentrate sulla lotta politica delle forze antifasciste e sul movimento partigiano, trascurando sia il quadro internazionale, e inparticolare le vicende belliche sul territorio italiano, che l’azione dei militari [italiani dopo l’8 settembre]…Si sono sottovalutati casi anche eroici di reazione armata ai tedeschi in Italia, ma soprattutto nei territori occupati [Grecia e Jugoslavia]; la preminente iniziativa di ufficiali e soldati nella costituzione delle prime bande partigiane e la loro presenza attiva nella resistenza; infine la partecipazione alla liberazione del Paese nei gruppi di combattimento aggregati alle forze alleate. I militari “badogliani” e le forze “autonome”, così come i dirigenti antifascisti che ebbero un ruolo di primo piano in quel periodo, pur non appartenendo ai partiti di massa, tutti coloro che agirono per salvaguardare la dignità nazionale e per semplice “amor di patria”…sono stati espunti dalla nostra storia nazionale. È forse giunto il momento di farveli ritornare. […]
La fine della guerra fredda ha accelerato in tutta Europa il processo di rilettura storica e di ricostruzione del proprio passato. Per l’Italia tale revisione è avvenuta su alcuni temi, ma si è scontrata con maggiori resistenze, rispetto ad altri Paesi, per l’uso politico che si e’ fatto della storia di quel periodo.
Il passaggio da un regime dittatoriale e tendenzialmente totalitario a una democrazia è un processo sempre complesso, delicato, ambiguo. Il nostro Paese non è sfuggito a questa regola; perciò un serio approfondimento della fase di passaggio tra il regime fascista e l’Italia repubblicana che ha inizio con la caduta di Mussolini e con l’armistizio rimane la premessa indispensabile non soltanto per un necessario rinnovamento storiografico, ma anche per comprendere le incerte basi su cui venne fondata la democrazia italiana e i limiti che ancora la condizionano».
(Elena Aga Rossi, Una nazione allo sbando: l’armistizio italiano del settembre 1943 e le sue conseguenze, Bologna, 2003, pp. 17-18)
Simone Pelizza
Foto di copertina di Treviglio.Tv Licenza: Attribution-NoDerivs License
Piemontese doc, mi sono laureato in Storia all’Università Cattolica di Milano e ho poi proseguito gli studi in Gran Bretagna. Dal 2014 faccio parte de Il Caffè Geopolitico dove mi occupo principalmente di Asia e Russia, aree al centro dei miei interessi da diversi anni.
Nel tempo libero leggo, bevo caffè (ovviamente) e faccio lunghe passeggiate. Sogno di andare in Giappone e spero di realizzare presto tale proposito. Nel frattempo ho avuto modo di conoscere e apprezzare la Cina, che ho visitato negli anni scorsi per lavoro.
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